Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women live longer than men in the present and how have these advantages gotten bigger over time? There is only limited evidence and the evidence is not strong enough to make an informed conclusion. We know that behavioral, biological and environmental factors play a role in the fact that women have longer life spans than men, however, we do not know how much the influence to each of these variables is.

In spite of how much amount of weight, we are aware that a large portion of the reason why women live so much longer than men do today however not as previously, اضيق وضعية للجماع has to relate to the fact that some key non-biological factors have changed. What are these factors that have changed? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Certain are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that all countries are above the line of parity diagonally. This implies that a baby girl in every country can anticipate to live longer than her older brother.

The chart below shows that although women have an advantage in all countries, the differences across countries can be significant. In Russia women live for 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan the difference is less that half a year.

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The advantage women had in life expectancy was smaller in countries with higher incomes as compared to the present.
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The chart below illustrates the gender-based and female-specific life expectancy at birth in the US during the period 1790-2014. Two distinct points stand out.

There is an upward trend. Men and women living in America are living longer than they used to a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is increasing: While the female advantage in life expectancy was once very small It has significantly increased with time.

It is possible to verify that these principles are also applicable to other countries that have data by clicking the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.